Deep Learning is a machine learning method based on deep artificial neural networks that are designed to simulate the functioning of the human brain. This technology allows machines to learn from large amounts of data using sophisticated algorithms to identify complex patterns and relationships. Deep Learning is used in many fields, such as speech recognition, computer vision, machine translation, product recommendations, medical diagnostics and weather forecasting.
For more details, here is a short podcast (in french) on the subject : La minute IA – Le Deep Learning